Wilson Mar bio photo

Wilson Mar

Hello!

Calendar YouTube Github

LinkedIn

Salesforce DX (Developer eXperience) deep dive

Begin to use Git and GitHub (DevHub) for software-driven (modular) continuous development

US (English)   Norsk (Norwegian)   Español (Spanish)   Français (French)   Deutsch (German)   Italiano   Português   Estonian   اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ (Egypt Arabic)   Napali   中文 (简体) Chinese (Simplified)   日本語 Japanese   한국어 Korean

Overview

This is a step-by-step hands-on tutorial on using the Salesforce DX (Developer eXperience) for continuous testing and development of Salesforce modules.

Succinct and without hype. PROTIPs here present wisdom and knowledge from experience unique to this site. Unlike Trailhead’s instructions, this displays output from commands.

PROTIP: SFDX was announced in 2015 and entered Open Beta June 2017, available in all prod and business orgs.

Why SFDX?

Wade Wegner’s diagram and the table under it illustrate the shift being introduced by DX:

PROTIP: Various people have used different nicknames, so here they are together:

AspectTraditionalDX
Slogan"Clicks, not code""Clicks AND versioned code"
Configurationconfig. among other metadata"config. as code"
Source of "Truth"What's in orgWhat's in VCS
VersioningCarry org. forwardWhat's in VCS
Unit of changeChange SetPackage 2GP
Workflow focus"org. centric""source-centric"
Org instances"nurture as dear pets""dispose like numbered cattle"
Env. for dev. testin sandboxes (SBX)in scratch orgs
Speed of releaseoccassionalcontinuous

The table above is explained in the text below:

Salesforce began with its “clicks, not code” slogan because Salesforce has made it so apps can be customized mostly within the GUI rather than coding internal configurations. This enabled “citizen developers” to customize their apps without a Computer Science degree.

And Salesforce has had Activity tracking which tracks every change to user data in the database.

Traditionally, changes are introduced by creating “change sets” tested within sandboxes which duplicate the production org. This means the development workflow is focused on what’s in the org., with org instances nutured as dear pets. For example, after Person accounts are enabled, there is no going back.

However, throughout the software development industry today, there is a movement toward storing configuration as code, of keeping metadata out from inside data in the org and into versioned code bases separate from the data.

The new “source of truth” for source-driven development is in the VCS (Version Control System) rather than in the production org. This means the configuration of the org exists outside the org. So experimental orgs can be easily created and tested without fear of disruption.

This transition is necessary to provide more flexibility to developers. This new approach puts versioning at the center of the workflow so that the state of an org can be brought back to any point in the past (like a time machine).

Such an approach requires more use of command-line terminals. That’s why I (not Salesforce) call it “clicks AND code”. CLI can completely replace the ANT deployment tool and unmanaged packages.

Each repo is distributed, meaning each clone of a repo is a complete duplicate with all version history. This means an Org with all its metadata can be worked on simultaneously by different people, instead of having to tag-team time on a change-set, each developer can test on his/own scratch orgs based on what each developer has on his/her own laptop. Reduced need for coordination enables faster, continuous testing and deployment to occur.

The bottom line of all this is to reduce the “friction” that keep changes from occurring more quickly and frequently – continuously rather than occassionally.

Enable Dev Hub in Production Org

HISTORY: Initially, Developer Edition Orgs cannot be enabled as a “Dev Hub”, when Dev Hub can only be enabled on environments that have active paying users, such as Production or Business Orgs. See Intro to Environments.

Now: “You can’t enable Dev Hub in a sandbox”.

sfdx-devhub-req-648x478-60179

BLAH: What that means is previously unlimited FREE Developer accounts will be limited to 30 days when working with scratch Orgs (which require Dev Hub to activate).

  1. Apply for a 30-day trial account which can be enabled with a “Dev Hub”:

    https://developer.salesforce.com/promotions/orgs/dx-signup

    QUESTION: Can suffixed email names such as “me+v1@sane.com” and “me+v2@sane.com” be recognized as separate emails?

  2. You’ll get an email to validate.
  3. In Setup, Quick Find, search for “Dev Hub” and click on the response in the list.

  4. Click the Dev Hub toggle to “Enabled”.

    PROTIP: This cannot be undone.

DX Tools

DX consists of these new facilities:

  • Scratch (ephemeral/destructible) orgs created on the fly for temporary use for a “scope”
  • Dev Hub for managing scratch orgs
  • A Salesforce CLI binary that runs side-by-side with the Heroku CLI
  • Support for the Lightning Test service and Lightning linting to Salesforce CLI
  • Metadata reporting and export from orgs
  • Continuous integration with test automation

But the change is about more than the tools. Instead of building code and customizations around a monolithic org, code and customizations are built around artifact (a logical set of code) that represents a subset of the org that can be tested independently from other components in your org. This is so an artifact can be released independently.

Environment:DevIntegration & QAUATStaging
FeaturesScratch DX OrgDeveloperPartial Copy Sandbox Full Sandbox
Data limit:200 MB200 MB (1 GB Pro)5 GB*Matches Prod.
Refresh:Ephemeral1 day5 days29 days
Customer data:--SampleAll data
API calls/24 hrs:? 15K (50K)--

(Number within parentheses are for Partner Developers.)

All sandboxes contain metadata (application and configuration information) which define reports, dashboards, price books, products, apps, and customizations in Setup. The data limit use of space for both metadata and customer data, consisting of standard and custom object records, documents, and attachments.

Partial Copy and Full Sandboxes are created based on specifications defined in a Sandbox template. It appears when searched in Setup only if you have permissions to view/edit them. An email is sent when a Sandbox finishes being populated.

* Up to 10,000 records per object can be stored.

A Full Sandbox (that is a nearly identical copy of all production data) is available only to Enterprise or Unlimited Edition customers. Sandboxes cost about 25% of total spend.

https://trailhead.salesforce.com/en/content/learn/modules/application-lifecycle-and-development-models Application Lifecycle and Development Models

https://trailhead.salesforce.com/content/learn/modules/declarative-change-set-development/plan-for-changes-to-your-org Change Set Development Model

Git

DX is enabled by the rapid and near ubiquitous adoption of Git to store text in an efficient way that enables every change to be tracked (in an audit trail), which also enables fall-back to complete versions at any time in the past (like a time machine).

Git is actually both a specification and a program name. The creators of the first Git program (which include the same person who created Linux) open sourced the internal format of their program Git, thus enabling many programs to offer Git capability. This has enabled the Git source version control (SVC) approach to be overwhelmingly popular.

By contrast, competing SVC approaches (such as Subversion) are more cumbersome and less flexible because they take a command-and-control mindset rather than a distributed work mindset.

A clone of a Git repo contains the entire depth of history for the project. Whereas Subversion cloning provides a portion of the total project. This means that, in Subversion, people have to wait for all dependencies to be ready before releasing the whole. The Subversion checkout command locks portions of code from being changed, a whole different concept.

The checkout command in Git selects the specific points in time Git users can travel to. People using Git are always working with the entire state of the repo at whatever point in time one chooses. As part of checkout, branches mark specific points in time.

Salesforce calls this “Second Generation Packaging” (2GP) *.

With Salesforce DX, a local project is tied to a repository. Each project contains, at a minimum, one artifact. Each repository keeps a history of all work done for artifacts. Branches are used to track the changes for each release.

In more complex orgs, you may find it necessary to have multiple related artifacts developed as part of the same project. This happens when sets of components and customizations depend on others.

Git CheatSheet PDF

Install SFDX CLI on your laptop

The below is based on https://developer.salesforce.com/tools/sfdxcli

  1. Install Node

  2. Be at any folder because install is to these folders:

    ~/Library/Caches/sfdx  # contains version

  3. PROTIP: There is “brew install sfdx”, which installs to:

    /usr/local/Caskroom/sfdx  # if brew was used
/usr/local/bin/sfdx
/usr/local/lib/sfdx
/usr/local/lib/sfdx/bin/sfdx
~/.config/sfdx
~/.local/share/sfdx
~/.cache/sfdx

    However:

    npm install --global sfdx-cli
    npm WARN deprecated @salesforce/plugin-analytics@1.12.1: This package has been deprecated in favor of https://www.npmjs.com/package/@salesforce/plugin-telemetry
npm WARN deprecated request@2.88.2: request has been deprecated, see https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142
npm WARN deprecated har-validator@5.1.5: this library is no longer supported
npm WARN deprecated debug@4.1.1: Debug versions >=3.2.0 <3.2.7 || >=4 <4.3.1 have a low-severity ReDos regression when used in a Node.js environment. It is recommended you upgrade to 3.2.7 or 4.3.1. (https://github.com/visionmedia/debug/issues/797)
npm WARN deprecated request-promise-native@1.0.9: request-promise-native has been deprecated because it extends the now deprecated request package, see https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142
/Users/wilson_mar/.npm-global/bin/sfdx -> /Users/wilson_mar/.npm-global/lib/node_modules/sfdx-cli/bin/run
       + sfdx-cli@7.82.1-0
added 1136 packages from 679 contributors in 69.202s

    Note above the symbolic file and resolved folder where sfdx is installed.

  4. Verify version installed:

    sfdx version
    sfdx-cli/7.82.1-0 darwin-x64 node-v14.6.0

    Above that line can be

    ▸    sfdx-cli: update available from 6.26.0 to 6.27.0-24408b4625

    Update install

  5. Before upddating SFDX, update node and npm.

  6. Update SFDX

    sfdx update
    ▸    Use "npm install --global sfdx-cli" to update npm-based installations.
sfdx-cli: Updating plugins... done

  7. As the response suggests, upgrade:

    npm install --global sfdx-cli

    The response include warnings about deprecated packages and vulnerabilities.

    /usr/local/bin/sfdx -> /usr/local/lib/node_modules/sfdx-cli/bin/run
       + sfdx-cli@6.44.0
added 1315 packages in 57.348s

    You may need to run the command another time until you get an ending.

  8. Verify the version of the installed salesforcedx plug-in:

    sfdx plugins --core
    @oclif/plugin-autocomplete 0.1.5 (core)
@oclif/plugin-commands 1.3.0 (core)
@oclif/plugin-help 3.2.1 (core)
@oclif/plugin-not-found 1.2.4 (core)
@oclif/plugin-plugins 1.9.5 (core)
@oclif/plugin-update 1.3.10 (core)
@oclif/plugin-warn-if-update-available 1.7.0 (core)
@oclif/plugin-which 1.0.3 (core)
@salesforce/sfdx-trust 3.6.0 (core)
alias 1.1.3 (core)
analytics 1.12.1 (core)
auth 1.4.7 (core)
config 1.2.1 (core)
generator 1.1.5 (core)
salesforcedx 50.7.1 (core)
├─ @salesforce/sfdx-plugin-lwc-test 0.1.7 (core)
├─ templates 50.1.0 (core)
├─ apex 0.1.4 (core)
├─ salesforce-alm 50.7.1 (core)
├─ schema 1.0.3 (core)
└─ custom-metadata 1.0.10 (core)
sfdx-cli 7.82.1-0 (core)

  9. Get a list of operations under the force topic:

    sfdx force --help
    USAGE
  $ sfdx force [--json] [--loglevel trace|debug|info|warn|error|fatal|TRACE|DEBUG|INFO|WARN|ERROR|FATAL]
 
OPTIONS
  --json                                                                            format output as json
  --loglevel=(trace|debug|info|warn|error|fatal|TRACE|DEBUG|INFO|WARN|ERROR|FATAL)  [default: warn] logging level for this command invocation
 
TOPICS
  force:analytics    work with analytics assets
  force:apex         work with Apex code
  force:auth         authorize an org for use with the Salesforce CLI
  force:cmdt         create and update custom metadata types and their records
  force:community    create and publish a community
  force:data         manipulate records in your org
  force:lightning    create Aura components and Lightning web components
  force:limits       view your org’s limits
  force:mdapi        retrieve and deploy metadata using Metadata API
  force:org          manage your orgs
  force:package      develop and install packages
  force:package1     develop first-generation managed and unmanaged packages
  force:project      set up a Salesforce DX project
  force:schema       view standard and custom objects
  force:source       sync your project with your orgs
  force:user         perform user-related admin tasks
  force:visualforce  create and edit Visualforce files

    </pre>

  10. Get a list of all commands, including the verb:

    sfdx force:doc:commands:list
    WARNING: The command "DocListCommand" has been deprecated and will be removed in v49.0 or later. Use "sfdx commands" instead.
=== Commands
  force:analytics:template:create       # add an Analytics template to your workspace
  force:apex:class:create               # create an Apex class
  force:apex:execute                    # executes anonymous Apex code
  force:apex:log:get                    # fetch debug logs
  force:apex:log:list                   # display a list of IDs and general information about debug logs
  force:apex:log:tail                   # start debug logging and display logs
  force:apex:test:report                # display test results
  force:apex:test:run                   # invoke Apex tests
  force:apex:trigger:create             # create an Apex trigger
  force:auth:device:login               # authorize an org using a device code
  force:auth:jwt:grant                  # authorize an org using the JWT flow
  force:auth:list                       # list auth connection information
  force:auth:logout                     # log out from authorized orgs
  force:auth:sfdxurl:store              # authorize an org using an SFDX auth URL
  force:auth:web:login                  # authorize an org using the web login flow
  force:cmdt:create                     # creates a new custom metadata type in the current project
  force:cmdt:field:create               # generate a custom metadata field based on the field type provided
  force:cmdt:generate                   # generates a custom metadata type and all its records for the provided sObject
  force:cmdt:record:create              # create a new record for a given custom metadata type in the current project
  force:cmdt:record:insert              # create new custom metadata type records from a CSV file
  force:community:create                # creates a community using a template
  force:community:publish               # publishes a Lightning community to make it live
  force:community:template:list         # retrieves the list of templates available in your org
  force:data:bulk:delete                # bulk delete records from a csv file
  force:data:bulk:status                # view the status of a bulk data load job or batch
  force:data:bulk:upsert                # bulk upsert records from a CSV file
  force:data:record:create              # create a record
  force:data:record:delete              # delete a record
  force:data:record:get                 # view a record
  force:data:record:update              # update a record
  force:data:soql:query                 # execute a SOQL query
  force:data:tree:export                # export data from an org into sObject tree format for force:data:tree:import consumption
  force:data:tree:import                # import data into an org using SObject Tree Save API
  force:lightning:app:create            # create a Lightning app
  force:lightning:component:create      # create a bundle for an Aura component or a Lightning web component
  force:lightning:event:create          # create a Lightning event
  force:lightning:interface:create      # create a Lightning interface
  force:lightning:lint                  # analyze (lint) Aura component code
  force:lightning:lwc:test:create       # creates a Lightning web component test file with boilerplate code inside a __tests__ directory.
  force:lightning:lwc:test:run          # invokes Lightning Web Components Jest unit tests.
  force:lightning:lwc:test:setup        # install Jest unit testing tools for Lightning Web Components.
  force:lightning:test:create           # create a Lightning test
  force:limits:api:display              # display current org’s limits
  force:mdapi:convert                   # convert metadata from the Metadata API format into the source format
  force:mdapi:deploy                    # deploy metadata to an org using Metadata API
  force:mdapi:deploy:cancel             # cancel a metadata deployment
  force:mdapi:deploy:report             # check the status of a metadata deployment
  force:mdapi:describemetadata          # display the metadata types enabled for your org
  force:mdapi:listmetadata              # display properties of metadata components of a specified type
  force:mdapi:retrieve                  # retrieve metadata from an org using Metadata API
  force:mdapi:retrieve:report           # check the status of a metadata retrieval
  force:org:clone                       # clone a sandbox org
  force:org:create                      # create a scratch or sandbox org
  force:org:delete                      # mark a scratch or sandbox org for deletion
  force:org:display                     # get org description
  force:org:list                        # list all orgs you’ve created or authenticated to
  force:org:open                        # open an org in your browser
  force:org:shape:create                # Create a scratch org configuration (shape) based on the specified source org
  force:org:shape:delete                # delete all org shapes for a target org
  force:org:shape:list                  # list all org shapes you’ve created
  force:org:snapshot:create             # snapshot a scratch org
  force:org:snapshot:delete             # delete a scratch org snapshot
  force:org:snapshot:get                # get details about a scratch org snapshot
  force:org:snapshot:list               # list scratch org snapshots
  force:org:status                      # report sandbox org creation status and authenticate to org
  force:package1:version:create         # create a first-generation package version in the release org
  force:package1:version:create:get     # retrieve the status of a package version creation request
  force:package1:version:display        # display details about a first-generation package version
  force:package1:version:list           # list package versions for the specified first-generation package or for the org
  force:package:create                  # create a package
  force:package:delete                  # delete a package
  force:package:hammertest:list         # list the statuses of running and completed ISV Hammer tests
  force:package:hammertest:report       # display the status or results of a ISV Hammer test
  force:package:hammertest:run          # run ISV Hammer
  force:package:install                 # install a package in the target org
  force:package:install:report          # retrieve the status of a package installation request
  force:package:installed:list          # list the org’s installed packages
  force:package:list                    # list all packages in the Dev Hub org
  force:package:uninstall               # uninstall a second-generation package from the target org
  force:package:uninstall:report        # retrieve status of package uninstall request
  force:package:update                  # update package details
  force:package:version:create          # create a package version
  force:package:version:create:list     # list package version creation requests
  force:package:version:create:report   # retrieve details about a package version creation request
  force:package:version:delete          # delete a package version
  force:package:version:displayancestry # display the ancestry tree for a 2GP managed package version
  force:package:version:list            # list all package versions in the Dev Hub org
  force:package:version:promote         # promote a package version to released
  force:package:version:report          # retrieve details about a package version in the Dev Hub org
  force:package:version:update          # update a package version
  force:project:create                  # create a Salesforce DX project
  force:project:upgrade                 # update project config files to the latest format
  force:schema:sobject:describe         # displays the metadata for a standard or custom object
  force:schema:sobject:list             # list all objects of a specified category
  force:source:convert                  # convert source into Metadata API format
  force:source:delete                   # delete source from your project and from a non-source-tracked org
  force:source:deploy                   # deploy source to an org
  force:source:deploy:cancel            # cancel a source deployment
  force:source:deploy:report            # check the status of a metadata deployment
  force:source:open                     # edit a Lightning Page with Lightning App Builder
  force:source:pull                     # pull source from the scratch org to the project
  force:source:push                     # push source to a scratch org from the project
  force:source:retrieve                 # retrieve source from an org
  force:source:status                   # list local changes and/or changes in a scratch org
  force:source:tracking:clear           # clear all local source tracking information
  force:source:tracking:reset           # reset local and remote source tracking
  force:user:create                     # create a user for a scratch org
  force:user:display                    # displays information about a user of a scratch org
  force:user:list                       # lists all users of a scratch org
  force:user:password:generate          # generate a password for scratch org users
  force:user:permset:assign             # assign a permission set to one or more users of an org
  force:visualforce:component:create    # create a Visualforce component
  force:visualforce:page:create         # create a Visualforce page

  11. Get a list of just org operations:

    sfdx force:org --help
    manage your orgs
 
USAGE
  $ sfdx force:org:COMMAND
 
TOPICS
  force:org:shape     manage org shape
  force:org:snapshot  manage org snapshots
 
COMMANDS
  force:org:clone    clone a sandbox org
  force:org:create   create a scratch or sandbox org
  force:org:delete   mark a scratch or sandbox org for deletion
  force:org:display  get org description
  force:org:list     list all orgs you’ve created or authenticated to
  force:org:open     open an org in your browser
  force:org:status   report sandbox org creation status and authenticate to org

    Uninstall CLI

  12. To uninstall:

    sfdx plugins:uninstall salesforcedx

Sample DX project

On your local machine (laptop), perform these steps to obtain assets from GitHub to create a scratch org:

  1. Create a “subject” folder or navigate to an existing one:

  2. Install Git https://help.github.com/articles/set-up-git/

  3. See the list of sample apps in GitHub:

    https://github.com/trailheadapps

  4. Download a sample repo from GitHub - the Dreamforce ’16 Developer Keynote sample application, called the DreamHouse app stored in GitHub. It’s author is listed as Wade Wegner, Salesforce SVP Product Management:

    https://github.com/trailheadapps/dreamhouse-sfdx (previously
    https://github.com/forcedotcom/sfdx-dreamhouse.git)

  5. Sign into Github to use SSH

    git clone git@github.com:trailheadapps/dreamhouse-sfdx.git
cd dreamhouse-sfdx

  6. Alternately:

    git clone https://github.com/forcedotcom/sfdx-simple.git
cd sfdx-simple
sfdx force:auth:web:login -d -a "Hub Org"
sfdx force:config:set defaultdevhubusername=someone@gmail.com
sfdx force:org:create -s -f config/project-scratch-def.json

    Login DevHub

  7. Login DevHub which manages scratch, defining a default:

    sfdx force:auth:web:login -d -a DevHub

  8. If there is more than one account:

    PROTIP: Use the email and password that you established with that 30-day trial.

  9. If an “Allow Access” page appears, click “Allow”.

  10. Type password in the Salesforce authentication web page pop-up.

    The page that appears should have an Org. that has DevHub as the default app:

    sf-devhub-landing-789x444-65002.jpg

  11. Copy the host name portion of the URI for the Dev Hub Org., such as:

    https://battlestar-galatica-384587.lightning.force.com/

  12. Close the browser because we’re working with the CLI here.

    Script orgInit.sh

    github.com/dreamhouse-sfdx has a scripts folder containing orgInit.sh:

    Scratch orgs config

  13. In a Terminal at the sdfx-dreamhouse root folder.

    The json -file specified defines the “scope” of the app, which includes the Salesforce edition and preferences for features the app is enabled to work with (such as S1Desktop and Chatter):

    {
 "orgName": "Salesforce DX Company",
 "edition": "Developer",
 "orgPreferences" : {
     "enabled": ["S1DesktopEnabled"]
 }
}

    PROTIP: The project-scratch-def.json temporarily overrides enterprise-level scope settings during test runs defined in the enterprise-scratch-def.json:

    {
  "orgName": "Your Company",
  "edition": "Enterprise",
  "orgPreferences": {
 "enabled": [
   "S1DesktopEnabled"
 ],
 "disabled": [
   "ChatterEnabled"
 ]
  }
}

    Other features: “S1DesktopEnabled”,”AuthorApex”,”NetworksEnabled”,”Communities”

  14. Create an empty scratch org with an -alias named “demo1”:

    sfdx force:org:create -s -f config/project-scratch-def.json -a "demo1"

    -n –durationdays 7 can also be added to limit the time.

    The command takes a while for sample response such as:

    Successfully created scratch org: 00D0q0000000q6gEAA, username: test-iydplvaqyiko@example.com

  15. Copy down in a file the response scratch org ID and its username.

    A scratch org is a dedicated, configurable, and short-term Salesforce environments that are quickly spun up within a Dev Hub Org. when starting a new project, a new feature branch, or a feature test.

    List Orgs

  16. List orgs

    sfdx force:org:list
    === Orgs
  ALIAS   USERNAME                ORG ID              CONNECTED STATUS
───  ──────  ──────────────────────  ──────────────────  ────────────────
(D)  DevHub  wilsonmar@gmail.com     00Df2000000BaJcEAK  Connected
 
  ALIAS  SCRATCH ORG NAME       USERNAME                       ORG ID              EXPIRATION DATE
───  ─────  ─────────────────────  ─────────────────────────────  ──────────────────  ───────────────
(U)  demo1  Salesforce DX Company  test-iydplvaqyiko@example.com  00D0q0000000q6gEAA  2018-08-19

    PROTIP: The default lifetime duration is 7 days from creation.

    Display orgs

    sfdx force:org:display

    Expand the Terminal window or use smaller font:

    === Org Description
KEY              VALUE
───────────────  ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
Access Token     00D0q0000000q6g!ARkAQIlr.EB_hhK5lPcFiPKsScAPVqoqtTCap8nHArYvN5Gv.aw6obwbUffVQt0bKhdm7mmwVqAcb4r3PMEqRIntAtfoabcd
Alias            demo1
Client Id        SalesforceDevelopmentExperience
Created By       wilsonmar@gmail.com
Created Date     2018-08-12T07:04:42.000+0000
Dev Hub Id       wilsonmar@gmail.com
Edition          Developer
Expiration Date  2018-08-19
Id               00D0q0000000q6gEAA
Instance Url     https://page-connect-1530-dev-ed.cs64.my.salesforce.com
Org Name         Salesforce DX Company
Status           Active
Username         test-iydplvaqyiko@example.com

  17. Check status:

    sfdx force:source:status

    A long list appears:

    STATE                     FULL NAME    TYPE        PROJECT PATH
─────                     ──────────   ──────────  ─────────────────────────────────
Local Deleted             MyClass      ApexClass   /MyClass.cls-meta.xml

    Push Orgs

  18. Push app metadata into the current scratch org:

    sfdx force:source:push

    PROTIP: Metadata about the project is defined in the .project file:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<projectDescription>
  <name>sfdx-dreamhouse</name>
  <comment></comment>
  <projects>
  </projects>
  <buildSpec>
  </buildSpec>
  <natures>
  </natures>
</projectDescription>

    TODO: force-app

    Assign permissions

  19. Assign the dreamhouse permission set to the default user “dreamhouse”:

    sfdx force:user:permset:assign -n dreamhouse \
--permsetname Dreamhouse

    Load data

  20. Apply the data folder which specifies app objects handled by the app. With Dreamhouse, it’s properties for sale and what brokers are trying to sell them.

    sfdx force:data:tree:import --plan data/sample-data-plan.json

    The sample-data-plan.json specifies a json file for each app object handled by the app and whether its reference is for “saveRefs” or “resolveRefs”:

    [
  {
 "sobject": "Broker__c",
 "saveRefs": true,
 "files": [
   "brokers-data.json"
 ]
  },
  {
 "sobject": "Property__c",
 "resolveRefs": true,
 "files": [
   "properties-data.json"
 ]
  }
]

    Each json file defines the records for each object type. A record within brokers-data.json contains these attributes and properties:

     {
   "attributes": {
     "type": "Broker__c",
     "referenceId": "CarolineBrookerRef"
   },
   "name": "Caroline Kingsley",
  "Title__c": "Senior Broker",
 "Phone__c": "617-244-3672",
 "Mobile_Phone__c": "617-244-3672",
 "Email__c": "caroline@dreamhouse.demo",
 "Picture__c": "https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/sfdc-demo/people/caroline_kingsley.jpg"
 },

    A record within properties-data.json contains information about the property listed.

    Open Org

  21. Open org using the alias and automatically log in with cached authentication token (rather than passwords).

    sfdx force:org:open -u demo

    This should pop up a browser window containing Salesforce UI.

    At this point we have a brand-new empty scratch org. Next we populate it with the source we first pulled out of GitHub. For this, we use the source synchronization APIs, also available in the CLI.

    On Salesforce UX

  22. In Setup, type theme in the Quick Find box. Click Themes and Branding,
  23. Flip the toggle to hide background images in Lightning Experience.

  24. Select “DreamHouse” in the App Launcher.

  25. Click the (real estate) Properties tab and notice that there are 12 new properties.

  26. Click the Brokers tab and see that there are eight new brokers.

  27. Click the Data Import tab and click Initialize Sample Data

    List packages

    sfdx force:package2:list

    Delete Org

  28. Delete org using alias:

    sfdx force:org:delete -u demo
    Enqueue scratch org with name: demo for deletion? Are you sure (y/n)?

    Now repeat scratch org creation and continue.

    DX App Assets

    Let’s analyze Dreamhouse files at the root of the project repo:

    The settings.json file within folder .vscode saves Visual Studio Code preferences.

    Other similar files may be added for other IDEs.

    The .gitignore file specifies files and folders which are not to be uploaded to the team/public repository (DevHub or GitHub). This goes with the .git folder created by Git when cloning.

    QUESTION: A .forceignore file in the repo root folder is used to exclude source When Syncing or Converting. As a generic example, it contains this to ignore LESS files:

    **.less

    The sxdx-project.json file specifies external attributes:

    {
  "packageDirectories": [
 {
   "path": "force-app",
   "default": true
 }
  ],
  "namespace": "",
  "sfdcLoginUrl": "https://login.salesforce.com",
  "sourceApiVersion": "42.0"
}

    The .salesforcedx.yaml (hidden file) specifies processing options:

    scratch-org-def: config/project-scratch-def.json
assign-permset: false
permset-name: dreamhouse
run-apex-tests: true
delete-scratch-org: false
show-scratch-org-url: true

force-app folder

Under /main/default/classes are the minimum needed. But Dreamhouse has the full set:

.sfdx top folder

Inder the .sfdx top-level folder is a folder named “tools” that contains the apex.db (database definiton).

What’s in apex.db is defined within .sfdx/typings/lwc/apex/ – .ts (Typescript) files.

BotController.d.ts

TODO: Setup Test

  1. Test Permissions

  2. Test Data

    PROTIP: Scratch orgs are meant for use by individual developers rather than a team sandbox.

    HOW? SFDX keeps track of both changes you make locally as well as any in your scratch org.

    SFDX transforms large source files into smaller files to provide more project flexibility and reduce merge conflicts.

TODO: Run Test thru DevHub

  1. Run test

  2. Determine result

    Retrieve metadata source from an org and convert it to Salesforce DX format stored in a VCS repo.

  3. Make changes using editor

    PROTIP: Any changes made within a scratch org (using point-and-click) needs to be tracked in the Git source to be repeatable.

  4. Repeat test cycle with the Metadata API package created in the build phase.

    When proven ready:

  5. Deploy on a sandbox, a representation of the production org.

  6. In a sandbox, replicate and test the steps to release into the production org.

  7. TODO: Deploy to production

Metadata export from orgs

PROTIP: Metadata in existing orgs can be extracted into source code for storage in GitHub in sfdx-project.json files. This is easier said than done because there are several sources:

  • Metadata API
  • Salesforce DX Source Tracking to do push and pull
  • Packaging
  • Change Sets
  • Apex MD API
  • Tooling API

A special token is used in CI runs.

VIDEO: In 2018, documentation about metadata is disparate, it’s non consistent, not easy to find and navigate.” A Metadata Report generated from each org lists for each Metadata Type whether it’s exposed by the Metadata API, in source tracking, and unlocked packaging, all in one place.

These instructions are based on video:

The strategy is to, over time, to identify unpackaged metadata and organize them into Salesforce DX packages.

  1. Enable your org with Salesforce DX DevHub and 2nd Generation Packaging.

    In Setup, search for “Dev Hub”.

    https://sfdc.co/dx-pkgs

  2. Convert metadata in the org calling the Metadata API (mdapi):

    sfdx force:mdapi:convert --rootdir mdapi-source --outputdir force-app

    See the App Development with Salesforce DX module:

  3. Identify and put shared components in shared package of artifacts.

    PROTIP: Metadata components can only live in one artifact at a time. So shared Metadata components should live as shared components in a single base artifact.

  4. Use the Salesforce CLI and your testing org to create a package.xml that identifies the components of the artifact.

  5. Construct the command with the current date/time:

    sfdx force:package2:create --containeroptions Unlocked --name "Expense 2018.08.11 10:49"

    PROTIP: “Unlocked” allows full editability. “Locked” does not allow editability. There are different icons to flag the difference in the Apex classes screen.

  6. Highlight and copy the VALUE for package2 output (such as “0H00000008OQdKAM”) and paste it in the sdfx-project.json file:

    "path": "force-app",
"id": "0H00000008OQdKAM",
"versionName": "Expense App",
"versionDescription": "Move Expense App metadata into a package2",
"versionNumber": "1.0.0.NEXT",
"default": true

    The “NEXT” is a token which will be auto-incremented.

  7. Queue version creation from source:

    sfdx force:package2:version:create --directory force-app

  8. Grab the Id returned, such as:

    04tB0000000IaLi

  9. Install the package:

    sfdx force:package:install --wait 2 --id 04tB0000000IaLi

  10. Refresh the org UI to view Installed Packages.

  11. Click View Components, Package Components.

  12. Click “View dependencies”.

    There is warning that changes done in the UI needs to be changed in the code as well.

  13. Make changes in the code.
  14. Increment the versionNumber.

  15. Do a build.

  16. Create a VCS repository for each artifact.

  17. Build release cycles specific to those applications.

Social community

SFDX Chatter Success Community group

Look for Twitter tag #SalesforceDX

#BASFDUG (Bay Area/San Francisco Dev User Group) has a the /TwitchSF channel, and YouTube channel (bit.ly/2kMVC8q).

Continuous Integration

  1. Sign up for an account at https://travis-ci.org/ using your GitHub account.

    PROTIP: Plans begin from $69 per month for 1 concurrent job.

  2. Click Authorize travis-ci to log in with your GitHub credentials, then enter your GitHub password.

  3. Fork to your own GitHub account a repo that has a .travisci.yml file for processing by Travis CI, a cloud-based continuous integration (CI) service for building and testing software projects hosted on GitHub:

    git clone https://github.com/forcedotcom/sfdx-travisci.git
cd sfdx-travisci

    The .travisci.yml file:

    sudo: true
os: trusty
cache: false
 
env:
       - URL=https://developer.salesforce.com/media/salesforce-cli/sfdx-linux-amd64.tar.xz
 
before_install:
       - openssl aes-256-cbc -K $encrypted_b1fbf710b918_key -iv $encrypted_b1fbf710b918_iv
  -in assets/server.key.enc -out assets/server.key -d
       - export SFDX_AUTOUPDATE_DISABLE=false
       - export SFDX_USE_GENERIC_UNIX_KEYCHAIN=true
       - export SFDX_DOMAIN_RETRY=300
       - export SFDX_DISABLE_APP_HUB=true
       - export SFDX_LOG_LEVEL=DEBUG
       - mkdir sfdx
       - wget -qO- $URL | tar xJ -C sfdx --strip-components 1
       - "./sfdx/install"
       - export PATH=./sfdx/$(pwd):$PATH
       - sfdx --version
       - sfdx plugins --core
       - sfdx force:auth:jwt:grant --clientid $CONSUMERKEY --jwtkeyfile assets/server.key --username $USERNAME --setdefaultdevhubusername -a HubOrg
 
script:
       - sfdx force:org:create -v HubOrg -s -f config/project-scratch-def.json -a ciorg --wait 2
       - sfdx force:org:display -u ciorg
       - sfdx force:source:push -u ciorg
       - sfdx force:apex:test:run -u ciorg --wait 10
       - sfdx force:org:delete -u ciorg -p

  4. Run test and get results in a human-readable format:

    sfdx force:apex:test:run --resultformat human

    Alternately, specify “junit” to view results using JUnit4 tools used by continuous integration.

Rock stars

Salesforce ISV Technical Evangelists Vivek M. Chawla, Peter Martin, and Danny Chang talk in their this January, 2018 video going through this slidedeck to explain their end-to-end model for ISV application design and developer workflow using SFDX, GitHub, CircleCI, and First-Generation Packaging by applying https://github.com/sfdx-isv/sfdx-falcon-template and https://github.com/sfdx-isv/sfdx-falcon-demo app. Talk to them at sfdx-falcon-group for partners only.

Scott Wells

Introduction to Serverless Applications Feb 3, 2018 [1:04:24] by Austen Collins (@Austen Collins, austin@serverless.com), founder and CEO of Serverless, Inc:

Videos

Rohit Mehta (@rohitforce), Product Manager

Dileep Burki, Sr. Product Manager:

Josh Kaplan (@JoshSFDC), Product Manager

Wade Wegner (@WadeWegner), Salesforce SVP Product Management

Others from Salesforce Developers on YouTube:

Ruth Sears-Blazej (@ruth_sfdc_docs) write docs about SFDC.

GitHub and Travis CI/CD Trailhead

Trailhead project: Get Set Up with GitHub and Travis Continuous Integration [+50 points in 40 mins] Use the Salesforce command-line interface to create, convert, and deploy apps.

Quick Start Trailhead

Trailhead project: Quick Start: Salesforce DX [40 mins] Use the Salesforce command-line interface to create, convert, and deploy apps.

Trailmix: Salesforce DX [13 hrs 55 mins] +5650

Trail: Quick Start: Salesforce DX consists of modules:

https://trailhead.salesforce.com/trails/sfdx_get_started?trailmix_creator_id=00550000006FetYAAS&trailmix_id=salesforce-dx Get Started with Salesforce DX

Process Design Without Limits

The above replace many Workbooks

References

https://developer.secure.force.com/cookbook/ Best practices and code samples

https://developer.salesforce.com/events/webinars/salesforce-dx-ama

Kubernetes?

https://engineering.salesforce.com/@_jamesward James Ward, Director, Open Source and Engineering Engagement at Salesforce, wrote https://engineering.salesforce.com/adopting-kubernetes-46b6c13b204b Adopting Kubernetes

Misc notes

https://developer.salesforce.com/promotions/orgs/dx-signup

QUESTION: ISVs (Service Vendors) who build customized Salesforce apps persona-based customizations.

Keir Bowden: SalesforceDX — View from the Coal Face from Nov 19, 2016 talks about the new Force.com IDE being tightly integrated with the new CLI, combining the Heroku toolbelt with the Force CLI.

Salesforce DX Product Manager AMA 27 Feb 2018

https://developer.salesforce.com/events/webinars/adopting-salesforce-dx August 17, 2017

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VSa7PgIANvs Continuous integration in Salesforce Using Jenkins and Git in 20 minutes by Jitendra Zaa Mar 22, 2015

  • https://success.salesforce.com/_ui/core/chatter/groups/GroupProfilePage?g=0F93A000000Lg5U Packaging 2 Beta Trailblazer Community

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Prlurg2ORnU&list=PLJC5QQjmffkSOVDNGPSEUIMrIrOtmBkBO&index=1 How Everyone Can Leverage Salesforce DX Packaging

  • https://success.salesforce.com/_ui/core/chatter/groups/GroupProfilePage?g=0F93A000000HTp1 Salesforce DX Trailblazer Community

  • https://developer.salesforce.com/docs/atlas.en-us.214.0.sfdx_dev.meta/sfdx_dev/sfdx_dev_dev2gp.htm Develop Packages (Beta)

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cb8AWg-lFPQ Achieving Next-Generation Agility with Salesforce DX

More about Salesforce

This is one of a series about Salesforce

  1. Salesforce index

  2. Salesforce Ohana (about the Salesforce company, offices, mascots, emojis, and store)
  3. Salesforce Glossary (of acronyms)
  4. Salesforce Events (Conferences, local Meetups, ) to meet people face-to-face
  5. Salesforce Exhibitors (at Dreamforce)
  6. Salesforce Onboarding (Trailhead and IDEs)

  7. Salesforce Rock Stars (and influencers)

  8. Salesforce Offerings (Clouds, Industries, Domains, GitHub, editions, pricing, features, versions)
  9. Salesforce Certifications (training and exams)
  10. Salesforce Projects, Superbadges, and Sample Apps

  11. Salesforce myTrailhead for custom Trailhead content

  12. Salesforce Project Plans
  13. Salesforce Jobs (within Salesforce, with partners, etc.)

  14. Salesforce User Roles and Personas

  15. Salesforce Apps (in AppExchange)
  16. Salesforce Alexa
  17. Salesforce Heroku (external apps)

  18. Salesforce DX (Developer eXperience)

  19. Salesforce Non-Profit support

  20. Salesforce NPSP (Non-Profit Success Pack) performance (with Gatling)

  21. Salesforce Data Management
  22. Salesforce Einstein
  23. Salesforce Selenium (test automation)

It’s unfair to lump in @Benioff among biliionaires. Does Amazon provide free in-depth training? Benoiff started Salesforce with a nonprofit arm

Salesforce DX (Developer eXperience) deep dive was published on .